Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, became the undisputed ruler of Western Europe, “By the sword and the cross.” As Western Europe was deteriorating Charlemagne was crowned the privilege of being joint king of the Franks in 768 AD. People of Western Europe, excluding the church followers, had all but forgotten the great gifts of education and arts that they had possessed at one time. Charlemagne solidly defeated barbarians and kings in identical fashion during …showed first 75 words of 669 total…

…showed last 75 words of 669 total…out in civil war for their father’s empire. In 843, the war ended when Lothair, Charles the Bald, and Louis the German signed the Treaty of Verdun. This pact separated the empire into three separate parts for each of Louis the Pious’ sons. After the treaty was signed, the kings’ power deteriorated and the government became weak. All of Europe was invaded and pirates and barbarians threatened the land. Charlemagne’s empire began to weaken.